APPLIED BIOMECHANICS & ERGONOMICS
Paper code-
TEACHING HOURS: 120
THEORY: 80 MARKS
TIME: 3 HRS
| S. No | Contents of the Topic | Learning Objectives (At the end of the course the student shall be able to) | Teaching Guideline | Methodology | Time |
| 1. | Fundamental Mechanics | To understand and demonstrate the basic fundamental of physical mechanics and their relevance to human body. | To Cover
· Forces; composition and resolution of forces; force systems, Force of gravity and COG, Stability, Reaction forces, Friction, Moments, Newton’s laws · Equilibrium: static and dynamic · Simple Machines: Levers. pulleys and wheel and axle, Segmental dimensions · Poisson’s effect Static and cyclic load behaviors · Load: Load sharing and load transfer |
Demonstration of techniques
Practical Demonstration Case Presentation SIS Student seminar. |
5 |
| 2. | Muscle Mechanics | To understand the basic types, structure and composition of muscles.
To understand the biomechanical properties muscles and their clinical significance. |
To Cover
· Structure and composition of muscle · Fiber length and cross-section areas · Mechanical properties · EMG chances during fatigue and contraction · Changes in mechanical properties because of aging, exercise and immobilized of immobilization · Clinical applications |
Teacher seminar
Power point presentation. SIS |
6 |
| 3. | Ligament and Tendon Mechanics | To understand the basic structure of ligaments and tendons and their biomechanical relevance. | To Cover
· Structure, composition and mechanical properties · Cross-sectional area measurement · Muscle tendon properties · Temperature sensitivity · Changes in mechanical properties because of aging, exercise and immobilization · Mechanoreceptors · Clinical application · Bone Mechanics |
Teacher seminar
Power point presentation Student seminar SIS |
6 |
| 4. | Bone Mechanics | To understand the basic structure of bone and its biomechanical importance. | To Cover
· Structure and composition of bone · Stress Strain · Modulus of Rigidity & Modulus of elasticity · Mechanical properties of Trabecular system · Mechanical properties of Cortical bone · Bone Remodeling · Response of bone to aging & exercise & immobilization · Mechanics to prevent fracture in bone · Clinical application |
Teacher seminar
Power point presentation SIS |
6 |
| 5. | Joint Mechanics | To understand about the Joints and its functions biomechanically.
To illustrate the effect of any disease or degenerative changes of joints and bones over joint function. |
To Cover
· Joint design · Joint categories · joint functions: Arthrokinematics, Osteokinematics and kinematics chains · Joint Forces, equilibrium and distribution of these forces · Degenerative changes in weight bearing joints and compensatory actions · Joint stability and its mechanisms Clinical · Clinical applications |
Teacher seminar
Power point presentation SIS |
6 |
| 6. | Measurement Instruments | To demonstrate various instruments and their clinical variables used to check biomechanical deviations. | To Cover
· Photo-optical devices · Pressure transducers and Force Plates · Gait Analyzer · Isokinetic device · EMG (Electro physiology of muscle contraction, recording. processing · Relationship between EMG and Biomechanical Variables |
Demonstration of techniques
Practical Demonstration Horizontal integrated teaching. SIS |
12 |
| 7. | Mechanical energy, Work and Power | To understand the correlation between work, power and energy expenditure by muscles. | To Cover
· Definitions · Positive and negative muscles work · Muscle mechanical power · Causes of inefficient, movement co-contractions, Isometric contractions, against gravity jerky movement, energy generation at one joint and absorption at another, energy flow. · Energy Storage |
Student seminar
Teacher seminar
SIS |
5 |
| 8. | Gait | To illustrate the basic gait pattern.
To analyse various pathological gaits and its causes.
|
To Cover
· Gait parameter: kinetic, kinematics, time-space · Pathological gait · Running · Stair climbing · Changes in gait following various surgeries/ diseases/disorders |
Demonstration
Case Presentation SIS Teacher seminar |
22 |
| 9. | Patho-mechanics | To demonstrate the biomechanical changes due to certain pathology in different systems of body. | To Cover
· Bone and Joint Patho-mechanics · Neural Patho-mechanics · Cardio Patho-mechanics · Pulmonary Patho-mechanics · Vascular Patho-mechanics |
Student seminar
Teacher seminar tutorial SIS |
22 |
| 10. | Ergonomics | To understand the basic ergonomic care.
To implement the ergonomics to be taken in different fields of work accordingly. |
To Cover
· Definitions · Physiological and bio-mechanical risk factors · Job design · Developing and implementing work site programme · Ergonomics in home : child care and leisure activities · Addressing problems at computer workstation |
Practical Demonstration
SIS Student seminar Teacher seminar Tutorial
|
10 |
| 11. | Biomechanics of Respiration | To understand biomechanical correlation of muscles and organs while respiration | To Cover
· Biomechanics of respiratory system |
Demonstration of techniques
Practical Demonstration SIS Tutorial |
10 |
| 12. | Biomechanics of Nervous System | To understand the biomechanical correlation of muscles and neural system. | To Cover
· Biomechanics of neuromuscular system |
Practical Demonstration
SIS |
10 |
Reference books
- Introduction to kinesiology/Hoffman, Shirf
- Kinesiology: the Mechanics &Pathomechanics of human
- Movementlby Carol A. Oatis. / Oatis, Carol A.
- Joint Structure and Function Cynthia Norkins
- Joint Structure and Function: a comprehensive analysis/Levangie, Pamela K
- Fundamentals of Biomechanics, Orkaya, N
- Ergonomics for Therapists: Karen Jacobs Carl M, Bl;tlencour!